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Pashupatinath Temple

On the bank of the Bagmati river, Deopatan, Kathmandu, Nepal

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Pashupatinath Temple
Photo: Bijay Chaurasia, CC BY-SA 4.0

About

Pashupatinath, on the bank of the Bagmati river in Kathmandu, is the holiest Shiv temple of Nepal and a great tirth for Hindus everywhere. Shiv ji is worshipped here as Pashupati, 'Lord of all living beings'. The main temple is in the Nepali pagoda style, with a two-tier copper roof covered in gold and four doors covered in silver. Inside is a stone mukhalinga about one metre high, with faces looking in the four directions. Around it lies a large sacred area full of smaller temples, ashrams and ghats, which is part of a UNESCO World Heritage Site. By temple custom, only Hindus may enter the main temple.

The story

Hindu tradition counts Pashupatinath among the oldest homes of Shiv ji. A local legend from the Nepal Mahatmya says that Shiv ji once left Kashi and came to the forest of Mrigasthali on the Bagmati, where he lived happily in the form of a deer. When the devtas found him and tried to take him back, he leapt across the river and his horn broke into pieces. After this, Shiv ji came to be worshipped here as Pashupati in the form of a four-faced linga. Another story links the temple with the Pandavs and Kedarnath. After the Mahabharata war the Pandavs were searching for Shiv ji, who took the form of a bull and began to sink into the earth. Devotees believe his hump appeared at Kedarnath and his head here at Pashupatinath. History shows that a temple stood here by about 400 CE. Kings of the Licchavi and later the Malla periods built and repaired it many times, and the present form dates from the late 17th century. By an old custom, the main priests, called Bhatta, come from South India.

Visiting

October to April is pleasant in Kathmandu; Mahashivratri brings huge numbers of sadhus and pilgrims. Visitors who are not Hindu can see the main temple from the east bank of the Bagmati. Cremations take place at the ghats along the river, so please stay quiet and respectful there. The Guhyeshwari Shakti Peeth is close by.

Festivals

  • Mahashivratri
  • Haritalika Teej

Famous temples

Sources